Dust removal in metallurgical processes refers to the collection of particulate matter from flue gases using dust-collection equipment such as electrostatic precipitators, gravity settlers, and baghouse filters. Electrostatic precipitators and baghouse filters are widely used in metallurgical engineering; however, with the evolution of environmental protection requirements, baghouse filters have become the mainstream alternative in the metallurgical industry.
Baghouse filters, also known as fabric filters, are dry-type, high-efficiency dust collectors that use woven-fiber filter bags to capture solid particles from dusty gases. Their operating principle is that dust particles, while flowing around the fibers of the filter cloth, collide with the fibers due to inertial forces and are thus intercepted.
The structure of a baghouse filter mainly consists of an upper casing, a middle casing, a lower casing (dust hopper), a cleaning system, and a ash-discharge mechanism. In addition to selecting the appropriate filter-material, the performance of a baghouse filter is critically determined by its cleaning system. Accordingly, the cleaning method is one of the key characteristics that distinguish baghouse filters and plays an essential role in their operation.